問題描述

我最近開始使用 Laravel 和 Eloquenta>，并且想知道缺少模型的查找或創建選項.你總是可以寫，例如:

I have recently started working with Laravel and Eloquent, and was wondering about the lack of a find or create option for models. You could always write, for example:

$user = User::find($id);
if (!$user) {
    $user = new User;
}

但是，沒有更好的方法來查找或創建嗎?在示例中這似乎微不足道，但對于更復雜的情況，獲取現有記錄并更新它或創建新記錄會非常有幫助.

However, is there not a better way to find or create? It seems trivial in the example, but for more complex situations it would be really helpfully to either get an existing record and update it or create a new one.

推薦答案

以下是被接受的原始答案:Laravel-4

Below is the original accepted answer for: Laravel-4

Laravel 中已經有一個方法 findOrFail 可用，當使用此方法時，它會在失敗時拋出 ModelNotFoundException 但在您的情況下，您可以通過在您的模型中創建一個方法來實現，例如，如果您有一個 User 模型，那么您只需將此函數放入模型中

There is already a method findOrFail available in Laravel and when this method is used it throws ModelNotFoundException on fail but in your case you can do it by creating a method in your model, for example, if you have a User model then you just put this function in the model

// Put this in any model and use
// Modelname::findOrCreate($id);
public static function findOrCreate($id)
{
    $obj = static::find($id);
    return $obj ?: new static;
}

從您的控制器，您可以使用

From your controller, you can use

$user =  User::findOrCreate(5);
$user->first_name = 'John';
$user->last_name = 'Doe';
$user->save();

如果存在 id 為 5 的用戶，則更新該用戶，否則將創建一個新用戶，但 id將是 last_user_id + 1(自動遞增).

If a user with id of 5 exists, then it'll be updated, otherwise a new user will be created but the id will be last_user_id + 1 (auto incremented).

這是做同樣事情的另一種方式:

This is another way to do the same thing:

public function scopeFindOrCreate($query, $id)
{
    $obj = $query->find($id);
    return $obj ?: new static;
}

你可以在Model中使用scope代替創建靜態方法，所以Model中的方法將是scopeMethodName和調用Model::methodName()，就像你在靜態方法中所做的一樣，例如

Instead of creating a static method, you can use a scope in the Model, so the method in the Model will be scopeMethodName and call Model::methodName(), same as you did in the static method, for example

$user =  User::findOrCreate(5);

更新:

firstOrCreate 在 Laravel 5x 中可用，答案太舊了，它在 2013 中為 Laravel-4.0 給出.

Update:

The firstOrCreate is available in Laravel 5x, the answer is too old and it was given for Laravel-4.0 in 2013.

在 Laravel 5.3 中，firstOrCreate 方法具有以下聲明:

In Laravel 5.3, the firstOrCreate method has the following declaration:

public function firstOrCreate(array $attributes, array $values = [])

這意味著您可以像這樣使用它:

Which means you can use it like this:

User::firstOrCreate(['email' => $email], ['name' => $name]);

僅通過電子郵件檢查用戶是否存在，但在創建時，新記錄將同時保存電子郵件和姓名.

User's existence will be only checked via email, but when created, the new record will save both email and name.

API 文檔

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